President Bush announced today the transfer of 14 top terrorist prisoners to the special prison at Guantanamo. He wants them to face justice with the same sort of military commissions that the US used in the Civil War, World War II and other major conflicts, but Democrats (and some "moderate" Republicans) want to employ more normal civilian or military judicial procedures.
This seemingly technical disagreement actually highlights a crucial contrast in approaching the war on terror: should our adversaries be treated as enemy combatants, or as common criminals? In a sense, treating them as combatants (with the same rights as prisoners of war) accords them more dignity than they deserve, since they don''t wear uniforms and they are not affiliated with a normal or recognizable army or state. But treating them as criminals -- with the full civil liberties protections accorded to criminal suspects -- raises far deeper problems. Some of these fanatical terrorists will, inevitably, be released on technicalities, or for lack of evidence, or else receive light sentences (for mitigating factors?) that guarantee their release after a few years. The problem with that is that these individuals would almost certainly return to their dedicated plotting to inflict death and destruction on the United States.
Nations hold Prisoners of War indefinitely, until a peace agreement or a surrender, because of the recognition that a POW is never "rehabilitated," has never paid his "debt to society," is never deserving of release until the war is over for the nation he serves. Would American have released Japanese or German prisoners at the height of World War II with any confidence that they would then return home to pusue the paths of peace? The answer is obvious-- and as a matter of fact, the desire to seek release of POW's can be a powerful motivator for our enemies to pursue some meaningful peace settlement (were that ever imaginable with terrorist gangs). The United States, for instance, cared deeply about the prisoners of war held by the Vietnamese and the desire to secure their release helped drive the Paris Accords and other efforts to end the war.
In addition to the inevitable breaches of security and revelations of secret information that would occur in normal courtroom procedures for terrorist kingpins (as described today on my radio show by White House Press Secretary Tony Snow), the treatment of terrorists as criminals sends precisely the wrong message to the US public and to the world: bringing us back to the bad-old-days of Clintonism, which treated the terror threat as a law endorcement matter, not a war. That's a reversion we can ill afford -- especially when the enemy (in contrast to some American politicians) understands we're engaged in a true World War and continues to act accordingly.